完型主要分为三个大题型：逻辑关系题、语境题和固定搭配题。逻辑关系题的技巧性最强，也是完型课程中重点讲解的题型，主要也在于逻辑关系分两种：语义一致和语义相反。今天我们要详细介绍的总分关系就是语义一致中的五大关系之一。

总分关系，其实就是抽象与具体的关系。既然是逻辑关系，总分也有着标志性的逻辑关系词。表示“总”的逻辑词有“in general, generally, in conclusion, in brief, on the whole”，表示“分”的逻辑词有“like, such as, for example, for instance, in particular, particularly”。总与分互相提示，那么总分关系如何帮助我们解题呢?我们小试牛刀。

(1) At night, scan the horizon for ()light sources, such as fires and streetlights, then walk toward the glow of the light pollution. (2019英一)

A. Hidden B. mysterious C. artificial D. limited

这道题如何解题呢?先观察四个选项，A隐藏的、B神秘的、C人造的、D限制的。在题干中，我们发现了such as表示分的逻辑关系词，从后面的具体列举“火”和“街灯”可以推测出这些属于人造光源，选择C。

(2) Born in the crisis of the old regime and Iberian colonialism, many of the leaders of independence shared the ideas of representative government, careers open to talent, freedom of commerce and trade, the right to private property, and a belief in the individual as the basis of society. () there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states, large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a common set of laws.

A. Presumably B. Incidentally C. Obviously D. generally

这道题相对于第一个来说，难度升级，是个典型的长难句。这个时候，我们就可以用抓主干+总分逻辑解题。空前的句子主干是 leaders shared the ideas，空后的句子主干是there was a belief 。ideas后面是of定语，包含5个小定语代表5个ideas。所以说5个ideas汇聚成了一个belief，是由分到总的关系，选择一个表示总的逻辑词，D。

所以说，总分关系只要判断出哪里是总哪里是分即可，“分”大致都是举例和具体阐释，掌握这一点就不难理解了。同时，对于出现在长难句中的空，要辅助相关语法知识，抓主干大大简化句子结构、精简句意，事半功倍。